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Return to Sandakan

Return to Sandakan examines the personal impact today of one of the most horrific events of the Pacific war - the tragedy of the Sandakan POW camp in North Borneo.
Year : 1995 | Total Duration : 55 Minutes | Producer : Raymond Quint
Director : Raymond Quint |
Opening quote on screen from German President Richard von Weizsacker, 1985. Archival B&W footage of cars bearing Japanese flags on bonnets driving past Australian and British soldiers standing to attention lining road.
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Access No. 144868 | 1 min 2 secs | 1940s | Sandakan, Borneo | © Australian War Memorial | B&W |
CU on Australian flag flying from flagpost. WS of Canterbury-Hurlstone Park RSL Club. CU screen of electronic poker machine being played and MS along row of people playing bank of machines. WS group of elderly men and women sitting around group of tables inside RSL and zoom to Bill Young talking to others at table about the surviving war veterans from Borneo. CU to hand pouring beer from jug at table. Zoom out from Keith Botterill accepting glass of beer to others next to him. CU face of saddened Botterill.
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Access No. 144870 | 48 secs | 1990s | Sydney, NSW, Australia | © NFSA | Colour |
MS B&W photograph of a young Keith Botterill.
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Access No. 144871 | 7 secs | 1940s | Sydney, NSW, Australia | © Keith Botterill | B&W |
MS interview with war veteran Keith Botterill. CUs Nelson Short fingering the raised names on brass war memorial and CU to his face.
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Access No. 144872 | 13 secs | 1990s | Sydney, NSW, Australia | © NFSA | Colour |
MS B&W photograph of a young Nelson Short.
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Access No. 144873 | 7 secs | 1940s | Sydney, NSW, Australia | © Nelson Short | B&W |
MS interview with war veteran Nelson Short talking about Anzac Day with tears in his eyes. GS veteran Owen Campbell playing cricket in his front yard with children and grandchildren. MS interview with him seated in chair.
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Access No. 144874 | 37 secs | 1990s | Sydney, NSW, Australia | © NFSA | Colour |
CU B&W photograph of a young Owen Campbell.
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Access No. 144875 | 6 secs | 1940s | Sydney, NSW, Australia | © Nelson Short | B&W |
WS jet plane coming in to land at Sandakan Airport. GS in airport terminal of Australian veterans and their families making pilgrimage to Borneo with sole Sandakan survivor Owen Campbell receiving media attention. Campbell being presented with gift of necklace being placed around his neck as he leaves terminal. VS media photographers and pan to Campbell with two men posing in front of memorial. VS camera crews following Campbell and his wife around the site of Sandakan Prisoner of War camp now a memorial park. MS Campbell pointing out where buildings were and WS of grassy parklands.
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Access No. 144876 | 1 min 1 sec | 1990s | Sandakan, Borneo, Australia | © NFSA | Colour |
CU pan across map of Sandakan Prisoner of War camp and surrounds with areas numbered and labelled.
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Access No. 144877 | 17 secs | 1990s | Sandakan, Borneo, Australia | © Sabah State Archives | Colour |
CU pan across pencil drawings of Sandakan Prisoner of War camp huts with voice-overs from ex-prisoners Botterill and Millner talking about the living conditions.
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Access No. 144878 | 22 secs | 1990s | Sandakan, Borneo, Australia | © Unknown | Colour |
Tilt down from leafy green canopy of trees to pond behind remaining piece of barbed wire fencing. Sandakan Prisoner of War camp re-enactment footage with montage of shots of prisoner walking past barbed wire fencing and CUs of eating rice with fingers from tin. Dissolve to green tree branch and water drops falling in pond with voice-overs from ex-prisoners Botterill, Campbell and Millner talking about the living conditions. CU reflective surface of pond.
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Access No. 144879 | 41 secs | 1990s | Sandakan, Borneo, Australia | © NFSA | Colour |
B&W archival footage of prisoners of war at Sandakan Prisoner of War camp working on airstrip high angle shot of men digging and transporting materials on small rail system.
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Access No. 144880 | 7 secs | 1940s | Sandakan, Borneo, Australia | © Australian War Memorial | B&W |
CU tilt up B&W archival photograph of Sandakan Prisoner of War camp commander Captain Susimi Hoshijima, 1946.
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Access No. 144881 | 16 secs | 1940s | Labuan, Borneo, Australia | © Australian War Memorial | B&W |
MS interview with veteran Owen Campbell talking about Japanese commander Captain Shoici Hoshijima. WS Yasukuni Shrine, Tokyo. Track of Masaharu Yamada entering the War Memorial, Yasukuni Shrine and MS of him walking past displays. MS interview with him outside Shrine in Japanese with English subtitles talking about his role in the fate of the prisoners at Sandakan.
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Access No. 144882 | 1 min | 1990s | Tokyo, Japan | © NFSA | Colour |
Zoom in from WS B&W archival photograph of ex-POWs camp officers and men of the 8th Division posing for photo at the Kuching POW and internees camp. CU of Jim Millner standing smiling with arms crossed, 1945.
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Access No. 144883 | 1 min 11 secs | 1940s | Kuching, Sarawak | © Australian War Memorial | B&W |
MS separate interviews with veterans Jim Millner, Keith Botterill and Dr Frank Mills all talking about Japanese methods of disciplining prisoners at Sandakan prison camp. MS interview with Masaharu Yamada in Japanese with English subtitles.
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Access No. 144884 | 33 secs | 1990s | Tokyo, Japan | © NFSA | Colour |
Zoom out from MS B&W photograph of a young Masaharu Yamada on airstrip with other Japanese officers.
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Access No. 144885 | 9 secs | 1940s | Japan | © Yuki Tanaka | B&W |
MS interview with Masaharu Yamada in Japanese with English subtitles talking about the works carried out by Sandakan prisoners.
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Access No. 144886 | 5 secs | 1990s | Tokyo, Japan | © NFSA | Colour |
B&W archival footage with WS of prisoners of war at Sandakan camp being marched in lines by Japanese guards. GS officer in white uniform taking salute. GS Formosan (Taiwanese) guards marching with shovels over their shoulders. High shot over crowd of young men raising arms and cheering.
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Access No. 144887 | 23 secs | 1940s | Sandakan, Borneo, Australia | © NHK | B&W |
MS interview with two former Taiwanese Sandakan prison guards, Toyoshige Karashima and Tadaisa Kiyoshima being interviewed in Japanese (with English subtitles) about the lack of choice they had in joining the Japanese army.
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Access No. 144888 | 18 secs | 1990s | Tokyo, Japan | © NFSA | Colour |
B&W archival footage with MS of Japanese officer inspecting the Formosan (Taiwanese) officers at Sandakan camp.
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Access No. 144889 | 6 secs | 1940s | Sandakan, Borneo, Australia | © NHK | B&W |
MS interview with veterans Keith Botterill talking about Japanese officers' dislike of Formosan (Taiwanese) guards at Sandakan prison camp.
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Access No. 144890 | 6 secs | 1990s | Australia | © NFSA | Colour |
B&W archival footage with of Formosan (Taiwanese) guards in training at Sandakan camp. GS of Japanese officers in white uniforms inspecting the them.
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Access No. 144891 | 11 secs | 1940s | Sandakan, Borneo, Australia | © NHK | B&W |
MS interview with former Taiwanese Sandakan prison guards, Tadaisa Kiyoshima in Japanese (with English subtitles) about the discipline the Formosan guards endured during training from the Japanese army.
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Access No. 144892 | 10 secs | 1990s | Tokyo, Japan | © NFSA | Colour |
MS interviews with veterans Nelson Short and Jim Millner talking about some of the torture they endured at Sandakan prison camp. Re-enactment scenes with soldier standing in sun with arms outstretched on iron rod. MS Nelson Short describing that particular torture method. CUs re-enactment of prisoner confined to "punishment cage". MS Keith Botterill describing how this was used.
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Access No. 144893 | 1 min 53 secs | 1990s | Australia | © NFSA | Colour |
B&W archival footage with aerial track over warship returning fire and air-to-air shot of Allied plane firing missiles. Track over missiles hitting ship. CU pilot in cockpit.
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Access No. 144894 | 13 secs | 1940s | © Unknown | B&W |
B&W archival footage with CU pilot's hands on controls in cockpit. Warship POV pilot. CU bomb released from plane's bomb-bay and quick shot of bombs dropping.
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Access No. 144895 | 5 secs | 1940s | © NFSA | B&W |
B&W archival footage with pan across of wounded on stretchers lined up on ground.
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Access No. 144896 | 4 secs | 1940s | © NHK | B&W |
B&W archival footage with high angle shot over lines of prisoners being walked by guards. VS Japanese soldiers firing flame throwers in battle.
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Access No. 144897 | 12 secs | 1940s | © Yamada 16mm | B&W |
B&W archival footage with MS of bodies being buried.
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Access No. 144898 | 3 secs | 1940s | © Unknown | B&W |
B&W archival footage with MS of decorated Japanese officer standing at attention and WS of crowd waving Japanese flags.
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Access No. 144899 | 8 secs | 1940s | © NHK | B&W |
B&W archival footage with GS people walking past market stalls in the township of Sandakan. GS Chinese worker carrying baskets walking towards camera.
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Access No. 144900 | 8 secs | 1940s | Sandakan, Borneo | © Australian War Memorial | B&W |
MS interview with Malaysian Chin Chee Kong talking about the locals wanting to help the Allied army against the Japanese.
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Access No. 144901 | 9 secs | 1990s | Tokyo, Japan | © NFSA | Colour |
B&W archival footage with village life in the township of Sandakan. VS families and huts.
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Access No. 144902 | 5 secs | 1940s | Sandakan, Borneo | © Australian War Memorial | B&W |
B&W studio portrait photograph of Captain Lionel Matthews.
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Access No. 144903 | 5 secs | 1940s | Sandakan, Borneo | © Australian War Memorial | B&W |
MS interview with Malaysian Chin Chee Kong talking about giving prisoners food supplies during the war.
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Access No. 144904 | -10 secs | 1990s | Tokyo, Japan | © NFSA | Colour |
Re-enactment footage suggesting army officer's legs walking around seized equipment.
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Access No. 144905 | 32 secs | 1990s | Sandakan, Borneo, Australia | © NFSA | Colour |
Zoom in to B&W portrait photograph of Captain Lionel Matthews.
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Access No. 144906 | 12 secs | 1940s | Sandakan, Borneo | © Australian War Memorial | B&W |
MS interviews with veterans Jim Millner, Keith Botterill, Owen Campbell and Nelson Short about the removal of the Australian officers from Sandakan and the dramatic decline in living conditions which led to disease and death of the prisoners of war.
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Access No. 144907 | 45 secs | 1990s | Australia | © NFSA | Colour |
B&W photograph of Prisoner of war at Sandakan suffering from beri-beri lying naked on hospital bed with bloated stomach.
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Access No. 144908 | 10 secs | 1940s | Sandakan, Borneo | © Australian War Memorial | B&W |
B&W archival footage of Japanese forces fighting with flame throwers and troops wading through river. WS soldiers out of landing craft and running onto land. GS American soldier erecting American flag. VS decaying dead bodies on killing field. Pan across killing field. WS fighter planes taking off and planes flying over camera.
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Access No. 144909 | 38 secs | 1940s | Borneo | © Great American Stock | B&W |
B&W archival low aerial track over dense forest.
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Access No. 144910 | 8 secs | 1940s | Borneo | © National Archive (USA) | B&W |
MS interview with veteran Nelson Short talking about the allied plane bombings in Borneo.
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Access No. 144911 | 7 secs | 1990s | Australia | © NFSA | Colour |
B&W archival footage of explosions from Allied fighter planes and track of plane over camera. Tilts to bombers flying overhead. Aerial track of bombing airstrip POV plane. Track from underside of plane as it strafes the POW camp and countryside.
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Access No. 144912 | 32 secs | 1940s | Sandakan, Borneo | © Great American Stock | B&W |
Slow zoom out from B&W photograph of bombed airstrip.
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Access No. 144913 | 17 secs | 1940s | Sandakan, Borneo | © Nelson Short | B&W |
Pan across MS B&W photograph of Japanese officers.
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Access No. 144914 | 8 secs | 1940s | Sandakan, Borneo | © Mainichi Shimbun | B&W |
Pan across B&W photograph of Japanese officers.
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Access No. 144915 | 11 secs | 1940s | Sandakan, Borneo | © Yuki Tanaka | B&W |
Tilt up CU B&W photograph of Japanese deputy commander Captain Shigeru Iino on horseback.
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Access No. 144916 | 7 secs | 1940s | Sandakan, Borneo | © Shigeru Iino | B&W |
MS interview with with former deputy commander of the Japanese forces in Borneo, Shigeru Iino speaking in Japanese with English subtitles about the condition of the prisoners in the first group he was in charge of. CU burning candle and WS of worshippers chanting with Buddhist monk. MS to former Japanese infantryman Umanosuke Iwahara. MS interview with him in Japanese talking about his concerns for the Sandakan POW's health and condition.
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Access No. 144917 | 57 secs | 1990s | Japan | © NFSA | Colour |
B&W archival footage of Major Harry Jackson in 1946 walking towards camera.
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Access No. 144918 | 5 secs | 1940s | Sandakan, Borneo | © Harry Jackson / Australian War Memorial | B&W |
MS Major Harry Jackson sitting in darkened theatrette.
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Access No. 144919 | 4 secs | 1990s | Australia | © NFSA | Colour |
Darkened theatrette with colour archival footage shot by Major Harry Jackson in 1946 in Borneo where he filmed the route of the Sandakan POW's "death march" to the other side of Borneo. Shot of soldiers walking through jungle and hand-held shots of terrain.
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Access No. 144920 | 12 secs | 1940s | Borneo | © Harry Jackson / Australian War Memorial | Colour |
Interview with Major Harry Jackson sitting in darkened theatrette talking about the extreme difficulties of the Sandakan POW's "death march" to the other side of Borneo
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Access No. 144921 | 5 secs | 1990s | Australia | © NFSA | Colour |
Colour archival footage shot by Major Harry Jackson in 1946 in Borneo where he filmed the route of the Sandakan POW's "death march" to the other side of Borneo. Hand-held shots of mountains and jungle terrain.
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Access No. 144922 | 8 secs | 1940s | Borneo | © Harry Jackson / Australian War Memorial | Colour |
Pan across B&W RAAF archival photograph showing aerial view of Sandakan POW camp.
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Access No. 144923 | 12 secs | 1940s | Sandakan, Borneo | © Australian War Memorial | B&W |
MS track through green jungle foliage and track along sodden jungle path. MS interview with ex POW Keith Botterill talking about being part of the "death march" from Sandakan prison camp to the other side of Borneo.
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Access No. 144924 | 29 secs | 1990s | Australia | © NFSA | Colour |
MS interview with with former deputy commander of the Japanese forces in Borneo, Shigeru Iino speaking in Japanese with English subtitles giving a more humane account of the fate of those who could not complete the "death march" from Sandakan prison camp to the other side of Borneo. MS interview with former Japanese infantryman Umanosuke Iwahara telling his version of the realities of the "death march".
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Access No. 144925 | 36 secs | 1990s | Japan | © NFSA | Colour |
Track along jungle path POV someone walking. Interview with ex POW Keith Botterill talking about some experiences during the "death march" from Sandakan prison camp to the other side of Borneo.
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Access No. 144926 | 48 secs | 1990s | Japan | © NFSA | Colour |
High angle B&W archival footage of Japanese soldiers walking along jungle track during the "death march" from Sandakan prison camp to the other side of Borneo. MS of troops marching holding their swords.
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Access No. 144927 | 33 secs | 1940s | Borneo | © Yamada | B&W |
Voice-over from Major Harry Jackson sitting in darkened theatrette talking about following in the footsteps of the Sandakan POW's "death march" in Borneo with hand held colour footage through green jungle foliage and of man drinking from stream. MS interview with Jackson.
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Access No. 144928 | 29 secs | 1990s | Australia | © Harry Jackson / Australian War Memorial | Colour |
Archival footage of huts and locals around village of Ranau.
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Access No. 144929 | 8 secs | 1940s | Ranau, Borneo | © Harry Jackson / Australian War Memorial | Colour |
MS interview with ex POW Keith Botterill talking about being attacked in the village of Ranau.
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Access No. 144930 | 14 secs | 1990s | Australia | © NFSA | Colour |
B&W archival footage of Japanese soldiers being fed by local women in the town of Ranau.
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Access No. 144931 | 15 secs | 1940s | Ranau, Borneo | © Yamada | B&W |
WS market shopping area with green mountains and clouds in background. VS town of Ranau showing traffic in streets, shops and MS young local couple carrying baby. Interview with Malaysian Ranau resident Balabiu talking about her recollections of the Australian soldiers when she was a girl of nine years.
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Access No. 144932 | 30 secs | 1990s | Ranau, Borneo | © NFSA | Colour |
Colour archival footage of young Ranau resident, Balabiu looking to camera and WS of her being photographed by Australian soldier.
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Access No. 144933 | 12 secs | 1940s | Ranau, Borneo | © Harry Jackson / AWM | Colour |
MS interview with Malaysian Ranau resident Balabiu talking about her recollections of helping the Australian soldiers when she was a girl of nine years.
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Access No. 144934 | 7 secs | 1990s | Ranau, Borneo | © NFSA | Colour |
MS interview with ex POW Keith Botterill talking about the need to join working parties as a prisoner of war to avoid death.
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Access No. 144935 | 22 secs | 1990s | Australia | © NFSA | Colour |
Archival footage of remains of Japanese storehouses on the "death track" between Ranau to Paginatan in Borneo.
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Access No. 144936 | 14 secs | 1940s | Ranau, Borneo | © Harry Jackson / AWM | B&W |
MS interview with Major Harry Jackson talking about the "death walk" route between Ranau and Paginatan in Borneo. MS interview with Keith Botterill relating a story of the Japanese soldiers' inhumane treatment of one of the Australian soldiers.
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Access No. 144937 | 54 secs | 1990s | Australia | © Harry Jackson | Colour |
CU tilt up colour photograph of Private Albert "Gunner" Cleary in army uniform.
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Access No. 144938 | 23 secs | 1940s | Australia | © Unknown | Colour |
Archival B&W air to air footage of bombers flying in formation over land.
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Access No. 144939 | 11 secs | 1940s | Borneo | © National Archive (USA) | B&W |
MS naval guns firing and naval action with VS warships. VS seamen carrying missiles to guns and guns being loaded. LS across sea to Sandakan burning. WS naval ship firing guns then WS across water to Sandakan being hit.
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Access No. 144940 | 13 secs | 1940s | Sandakan, Borneo | © Great American Stock | B&W |
MS interview with Masaharu Yamada in Japanese with English subtitles talking about the fate of the Sandakan POWs under Japanese orders.
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Access No. 144941 | 7 secs | 1990s | Tokyo, Japan | © NFSA | Colour |
B&W photograph of Japanese Captain Takakuwa in profile.
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Access No. 144942 | 3 secs | 1940s | Tokyo, Japan | © Australian Archives (Vic) | B&W |
Tilt down WS B&W photograph of tall tree to Sandakan camp remains.
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Access No. 144943 | 10 secs | 1940s | Tokyo, Japan | © Australian War Memorial | B&W |
Track POV person walking along jungle track surrounded by bright green foliage. Tilt to sunlight coming through trees and VS past red berries and jungle floor. Track past moss on trees, ferns and forest creek.
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Access No. 144944 | 1 sec | 1990s | Borneo | © NFSA | Colour |
MS interview with veteran Owen Campbell talking about the brutality in the treatment of sick prisoners by the Japanese army on the "death track' from Sandakan to Paginatan.
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Access No. 144945 | 1 min 10 secs | 1990s | Australia | © NFSA | Colour |
MS interview with former Taiwanese Sandakan prison guard, Tadaisa Kiyoshima in Taiwanese (with English subtitles) about an incident where at the request of a prisoner he shared a biscuit with him before "disposing" of him. Interview intercut with re-enactment footage of CU soldier eating biscuit.
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Access No. 144946 | 36 secs | 1990s | Japan | © NFSA | Colour |
Archival footage with tilt following plane flying overhead.
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Access No. 144947 | 4 secs | 1940s | Borneo | © Great American Stock | B&W |
Archival footage with aerial track over jungle.
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Access No. 144948 | 3 secs | 1940s | Borneo | © National Archive footage (USA) | B&W |
Archival footage with tilt to plane flying towards and over camera.
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Access No. 144949 | 2 secs | 1940s | Borneo | © Great American Stock | B&W |
Archival footage with aerial track over jungle.
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Access No. 144950 | 7 secs | 1940s | Borneo | © National Archive footage (USA) | B&W |
MS interview with veteran Owen Campbell talking about making a break and escaping when the Japanese army on the "death track' from Sandakan to Paginatan were distracted by an enemy aircraft attack.
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Access No. 144951 | 4 secs | 1990s | Australia | © NFSA | Colour |
Track past greenery along jungle path.
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Access No. 144952 | 7 secs | 1990s | Borneo | © NFSA | Colour |
MS interview with veteran Owen Campbell talking about how he survived after escaping from the Japanese army on the "death track' from Sandakan to Paginatan and the fate of his four companions.
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Access No. 144953 | 17 secs | 1990s | Australia | © NFSA | Colour |
B&W photograph of Edward Skinner in army uniform.
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Access No. 144954 | 6 secs | 1940s | Australia | © Don Wall | B&W |
MS interview with veteran Owen Campbell talking about how he survived after escaping from the Japanese army on the "death track' from Sandakan to Paginatan and the fate of his four companions.
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Access No. 144955 | 31 secs | 1990s | Australia | © NFSA | Colour |
B&W archival track of jungle from river. WS river surrounded by jungle with clouds reflected on water.
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Access No. 144956 | 12 secs | 1940s | Borneo | © NHK | B&W |
VS Dusan village and villagers. CUs village headman Kulan. Pan across natives and soldiers by river.
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Access No. 144957 | 32 secs | 1940s | Borneo | © Harry Jackson / AWM | B&W |
MS interview with veteran Owen Campbell talking about how he felt being rescued from Borneo. CU track of Campbell joining other veterans boarding bus during their pilgrimage to Borneo. Zoom out to high angle shot over bus travelling on road through lush scenery of jungle and mountains between Sandakan and Ranau. WS of service at Cleary Memorial, Ranau with VS of servicepeople, veterans and locals laying wreaths, flowers and messages at memorial. CU people's faces. Zoom in to message on wreath.
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Access No. 144958 | 1 min 10 secs | 1990s | Australia; Borneo | © NFSA | Colour |
MS interview with ex POW Keith Botterill talking about the dwindling numbers of prisoners on the first "death march".
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Access No. 144959 | 12 secs | 1990s | Australia | © NFSA | Colour |
Archival B&W WS pans of prison camp at Ranau.
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Access No. 144960 | 13 secs | 1940s | Ranau, Borneo | © Harry Jackson / AWM | B&W |
MS interviews with ex POWs Keith Botterill and Nelson Short talking about hiding out in a native hut in the jungle after escaping the Japanese with two other POWs.
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Access No. 144961 | 32 secs | 1990s | Australia | © NFSA | Colour |
Archival colour footage of ex prisoners of war shaking hands with village headman Barega and others. MS Harry Jackson with Barega.
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Access No. 144962 | 14 secs | 1940s | Borneo | © Harry Jackson / AWM | Colour |
CU track following legs of man walking through long grass. VS elderly villager, Kahingal, in shirt and hat walking in grass through hills. GS of Kahingal using machete in thick jungle ferns before pointing out the spot to camera where the he helped hide and feed the escaped Australian POWs. MS interview with Kahingal in Malay with English subtitles on screen in which he talks about how he and fellow villages helped the POWs.
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Access No. 144963 | 51 secs | 1990s | Ranau, Borneo | © NFSA | Colour |
MS interviews with ex POWs Nelson Short and Keith Botterill talking about the eventual death of fellow soldier Andy Anderson. MS interview with Australian Commando Mick "Lofty" Hodges explaining how he came to discover and rescue the escaped POWs. MS Keith Botterill talking about his first impressions of Hodges.
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Access No. 144964 | 14 secs | 1990s | Australia | © NFSA | Colour |
Sepia toned photograph of Australian Commando Mick "Lofty" Hodges smiling in army beret.
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Access No. 144965 | 7 secs | 1940s | Australia | © Mick Hodges | B&W |
MS interview with Australian Commando Mick "Lofty" Hodges talking about the condition the escaped POWs were in when he found them. Moving interviews with Hodges, Short and Botterill about being found and rescued.
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Access No. 144966 | 1 min 27 secs | 1990s | Australia | © NFSA | Colour |
B&W photograph of Australian Commandos posing with local natives.
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Access No. 144967 | 6 secs | 1940s | Borneo | © Unknown | B&W |
B&W archival footage of Auster plane towards and past camera taking off from runway.
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Access No. 144968 | 8 secs | 1940s | Borneo | © Dr I. Nichols | B&W |
CU B&W photograph of Bombardier Richard Braithwaite.
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Access No. 144969 | 7 secs | 1940s | Borneo | © Joyce Braithwaite | B&W |
CU B&W photograph of native fishermen on boat on river.
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Access No. 144970 | 7 secs | 1940s | Borneo | © Grahame Robertson | B&W |
Zoom out from CU B&W photograph of Warrant Officer William Sticpewich to fellow surviving POWs Nelson Short and Keith Botterill standing either side of him.
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Access No. 144971 | 14 secs | 1940s | Borneo | © Australian War Memorial | B&W |
WS elevated hut of Dusan tribesman in jungle clearing. MS Godihil sitting in hut with his wife who holds a painting of her husband with Australian POW escapee William Sticpewich. MS Godihil speaking in Malay with English subtitles explaining how he saved Sticpewich. CU painting of Godihil and Stcpewich.
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Access No. 144972 | 40 secs | 1990s | Borneo | © NFSA | Colour |
B&W photograph of Japanese Captain Takakuwa in profile.
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Access No. 144973 | 8 secs | 1940s | Tokyo, Japan | © Australian Archives (Vic) | B&W |
WS tilt down jungle hillside to clearing of the site of final Ranau POW camp. WS creek and GS of site.
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Access No. 144974 | 23 secs | 1990s | Ranau, Borneo | © NFSA | Colour |
MS interview with former POW guard Toyoshige Karashima talking about killing the remaining thirty-two prisoners under the command of Captain Takakuwa.
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Access No. 144975 | 29 secs | 1990s | Taiwan | © NFSA | Colour |
Zoom in to B&W photograph of burnt out ruins of the Sandakan prison camp.
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Access No. 144976 | 13 secs | 1940s | Sandakan, Borneo | © Athol Moffitt | B&W |
MS interview with former Taiwanese Sandakan prison guards, Tadaisa Kiyoshima in Japanese (with English subtitles) about the fate of the remaining Sandakan prisoners.
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Access No. 144977 | 16 secs | 1990s | Tokyo, Japan | © NFSA | Colour |
Re-enactment footage of Japanese sword being drawn from scabbard.
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Access No. 144978 | 10 secs | 1990s | © NFSA | Colour |
Archival B&W WS of war ships and landing craft at sea during war action.
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Access No. 144979 | 4 secs | 1940s | © Unknown | B&W |
Archival B&W WS of war ships and landing craft at sea during bombing action. CU of caterpillar tracks of amphibious craft emerging from water and troops landing on beach and running through water onto land.
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Access No. 144980 | 8 secs | 1940s | Borneo | © Australian War Memorial | B&W |
VS jungle warfare between and Australian and Japanese troops with GS explosion between trees.
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Access No. 144981 | 1 sec | 1940s | Borneo | © Film World Pty Ltd | B&W |
GS Australian soldiers loading weapon in jungle.
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Access No. 144982 | 2 secs | 1940s | Borneo | © Australian War Memorial | B&W |
WS Australian soldier standing by tank in jungle clearing.
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Access No. 144983 | 2 secs | 1940s | Borneo | © Film World Pty Ltd | B&W |
MS dead Japanese soldier in jungle.
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Access No. 144984 | 2 secs | 1940s | Borneo | © Australian War Memorial | B&W |
WS local Malay people walking past large British flag.
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Access No. 144985 | 3 secs | 1940s | Borneo | © Film World Pty Ltd | B&W |
WS Australian soldiers waving to cameras and waving hats from back of truck. MS doctor examining sick Australian soldier with ribs protruding lying in bed.
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Access No. 144986 | 5 secs | 1940s | Borneo | © Australian War Memorial | B&W |
MS of soldier holding hats of dead Australian soldiers in each hand.
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Access No. 144987 | 5 secs | 1940s | Borneo | © Harry Jackson / AWM | B&W |
B&W archival photograph of Australian soldiers squatting around skulls and bone remains of fellow soldiers. CU photograph of human skull and false teeth.
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Access No. 144988 | 7 secs | 1940s | Borneo | © Grahame Robertson | B&W |
B&W archival footage of Australian soldier squatting as he guides fellow soldiers in making straight rows of crosses on war graves. VS soldiers digging graves and setting cross markers for unknown soldiers. WS pan across field of graves. High angle shot over Japanese Prisoners of War standing in lines overseen by Australian soldiers. GS man reading from charge sheet. GS front row saluting.
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Access No. 144989 | 46 secs | 1940s | Borneo | © Australian War Memorial | B&W |
MS B&W archival photograph of Captain Hoshijima, a Japanese Commandant at Sandakan camp. Zoom out to WS of Hoshijima with two Australian soldiers and row of tents in background. MS photograph of young Australian barrister Athol Moffitt responsible for prosecuting Hoshijima.
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Access No. 144990 | 19 secs | 1940s | Borneo | © Australian War Memorial | B&W |
MS former barrister Athol Moffitt, responsible for prosecuting Sandakan Commandant Captain Hoshijima, reading from his diary. CU to the diary pages including sketch made of Hoshijima. MS interview with Moffitt describing the trial.
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Access No. 144991 | 29 secs | 1990s | Australia | © NFSA | Colour |
B&W archival mug shot photograph of Captain Hoshijima holding piece of wood with the number six on it.
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Access No. 144992 | 9 secs | 1940s | Australia | © Australian Archives, Vic | B&W |
CU interview with former barrister Athol Moffitt describing the trial of Captain Hoshijima.
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Access No. 144993 | 4 secs | 1990s | Australia | © NFSA | Colour |
Zoom in from MS archival B&W photograph of Captain Hoshijima with fellow Japanese Prisoner of War to CU of his smiling face.
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Access No. 144994 | 19 secs | 1940s | Australia | © Australian War Memorial | B&W |
CU interview with former barrister Athol Moffitt describing the execution of Captain Hoshijima.
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Access No. 144995 | 12 secs | 1990s | Australia | © NFSA | Colour |
B&W archival rear view of Japanese prisoner of war standing trial with Australian soldiers either side of him. MS Japanese officer and MS military Tribunal being seated in front of Australian and British flags.
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Access No. 144996 | 8 secs | 1990s | Australia | © Australian War Memorial | Colour |
B&W MS archival photograph of Japanese Captain Yamamoto.
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Access No. 144997 | 9 secs | 1940s | Borneo | © Tetsuya Yamamoto | B&W |
CU interview with former barrister Athol Moffitt describing the evidence given by Captain Yamamoto and his officers during their trial.
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Access No. 144998 | 13 secs | 1990s | Australia | © NFSA | Colour |
B&W MS archival mug shot photograph of Japanese Captain Yamamoto.
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Access No. 144999 | 5 secs | 1940s | Borneo | © Tetsuya Yamamoto | B&W |
B&W MS archival mug shot photograph of Lieutenant Abe.
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Access No. 145000 | 5 secs | 1940s | Borneo | © Australian Archives, Vic | B&W |
Tilt up B&W MS archival mug shot photograph of Iino Shigeru in profile.
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Access No. 145001 | 6 secs | 1940s | Borneo | © Australian Archives, Vic | B&W |
MS elderly Iino Shigeru sitting in Japanese house.
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Access No. 145002 | 4 secs | 1990s | Japan | © NFSA | Colour |
B&W MS archival photograph of Japanese men including Masahara Yamada.
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Access No. 145003 | 6 secs | 1940s | Borneo | © Yuki Tanaka | B&W |
MS interview with elderly Masahara Yamada in Japanese with English subtitles talking about responsibility for the war crimes committed at Sandakan.
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Access No. 145004 | 20 secs | 1990s | Japan | © NFSA | Colour |
B&W archival footage of Formosan prisoners of war jogging with Australian instructor. WS crowd of smiling Malayan local watching and waving to camera.
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Access No. 145005 | 11 secs | 1940s | Borneo | © Film World Pty Ltd | B&W |
MS elderly former Formosan soldiers Toyoshige Karashima and Tadaisa Kiyoshima standing with arms folded.
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Access No. 145006 | 14 secs | 1990s | Japan | © NFSA | Colour |
WS troops from the 8th Division AIF from Singapore arriving on double decker bus to hero's welcome. VS crowds mobbing bus.
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Access No. 145007 | 25 secs | 1940s | Australia | © Film World Pty Ltd | B&W |
WS crowds mobbing returning troops. CU soldier hugging wife.
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Access No. 145008 | 7 secs | 1940s | Australia | © Film World Pty Ltd | B&W |
MS interview with Nelson Short talking about the failure of his first marriage after he returned from Sandakan.
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Access No. 145009 | 27 secs | 1990s | Australia | © NFSA | Colour |
CU photograph portrait of Richard Braithwaite and MS wedding photograph of Wal Blatch and bride Joyce.
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Access No. 145010 | 10 secs | 1940s | Australia | © Joyce Braithwaite | B&W |
MS interview with Joyce Braithwaite, widow of Sandakan prison camp survivor Richard.
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Access No. 145011 | 14 secs | 1990s | Australia | © NFSA | Colour |
Photograph of Wal Blatch and CU of inscription to his wife Joyce.
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Access No. 145012 | 12 secs | 1940s | Australia | © Joyce Braithwaite | B&W |
MS interview with Joyce Braithwaite talking about the being left to wonder the fate of prisoner of war when they don't return.
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Access No. 145013 | 7 secs | 1990s | Australia | © NFSA | Colour |
MS wedding photograph of Richard Braithwaite and wife Joyce.
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Access No. 145014 | 7 secs | 1940s | Australia | © Joyce Braithwaite | B&W |
MS interview with Joyce Braithwaite talking about husband Richard's attitude to having survived Sandakan and his guilt.
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Access No. 145015 | 30 secs | 1990s | Australia | © NFSA | Colour |
Newspaper cuttings headed "600 Australian POWs Died in Borneo Camp" and "Dying Mate Cut Throat".
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Access No. 145016 | 8 secs | 1990s | Australia | © Unknown | Colour |
Hand coloured photograph of Owen Campbell in uniform holding baby and standing next his wife Evelyn.
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Access No. 145017 | 8 secs | 1940s | Australia | © Evelyn Campbell | Colour |
CU newspaper cuttings with CU photograph of Gunner Owen Campbell. CU tilt up from newspaper headline "Romantic End To Captive's Flight" to photograph of Campbell, Evelyn and young son.
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Access No. 145018 | 13 secs | 1940s | Australia | © Unknown | B&W |
MS interview with Evelyn Campbell talking about being reunited with her husband Owen after five years. CU interview with Campbell talking about how he felt to see his wife.
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Access No. 145019 | 20 secs | 1990s | Australia | © NFSA | Colour |
MS photograph of Bill Moxham and photograph of him with family in car outside farmhouse. Photograph of his wife standing with young daughter outside utility truck.
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Access No. 145020 | 12 secs | 1990s | Narabri, NSW, Australia | © Sue Moxham | Colour |
MS interview with Sue Moxham, daughter of Sandakan veteran Bill Moxham talking about her father's mental problems and inability to adjust to civilian life after the war.
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Access No. 145021 | 8 secs | 1990s | Australia | © NFSA | Colour |
B&W MS photograph of toddler Sue Moxham with tilt to her father Bill Moxham standing behind her. Pan across B&W WS photograph family sitting on the edge of verandah of farmhouse. Photograph toddler in foreground with young girl and father in doorway behind her.
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Access No. 145022 | 24 secs | 1950s | Narabri, NSW, Australia | © Sue Moxham | Colour |
MS interview with Sue Moxham, daughter of Sandakan veteran Bill Moxham talking about her father's mental problems and inability to adjust to civilian life after the war leading to domestic violence.
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Access No. 145023 | 32 secs | 1990s | Australia | © NFSA | Colour |
CU B&W photograph of Susan Moxham as a young girl. Zoom in to CU of her father, Sandakan veteran Bill Moxham.
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Access No. 145024 | 13 secs | 1960s | Narabri, NSW, Australia | © Sue Moxham | Colour |
MS interview with war veteran Keith Botterill talking about the many letters he received from relatives of fellow prisoners of war. MS track of Nelson Short and his wife approaching and laying flowers on Sandakan memorial. MS interview with Short at the memorial. Interviews with Botterill and Owen Campbell expressing their inability to forgive the Japanese.
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Access No. 145025 | 1 min 28 secs | 1990s | Australia | © NFSA | Colour |
GS Japanese veterans of the Borneo campaign dressed in white walking through memorial grounds in the sacred town of Koyasan. CU hands of Buddhist monk praying. VS veterans dressed in suits sitting on mats in temple. VS veteran Umanosuke Iwahara and Tetsuya Yamamoto, son of Captain Yamamoto.
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Access No. 145026 | 41 secs | 1990s | Koyasan, Japan | © NFSA | Colour |
WS B&W formal photograph of Captain Yamamoto and his three young children sitting on mats in their home. CU to small son Tetsuya sitting on mat.
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Access No. 145027 | 10 secs | 1990s | Japan | © Tetsuya Yamamoto | Colour |
MS interview with Tetsuya Yamamoto talking about his father's execution and the confusion and distress he and his mother felt over it. MS elderly Japanese taking turns at offering prayers in temple. MS interview with Tetsuya expressing his view that the Japanese government should apologise for the war and MS interview with veteran Iino Shigeru giving a different view.
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Access No. 145028 | 1 min 1 sec | 1990s | Koyasan, Japan | © NFSA | Colour |
MS interviews with war veterans Keith Botterill and Nelson Short both expressing how they'd feel about a Japanese apology for the war.
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Access No. 145029 | 18 secs | 1990s | Australia | © NFSA | Colour |
MS television footage of Japanese Prime Minister Tomichi Murayama speech on VP Day apologising for Japan's role in World War II. MS press conference with Australian Prime Minister Paul Keating expressing scepticism to the extent of the apology.
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Access No. 145030 | 40 secs | 1990s | Japan; Australia | © ABC | Colour |
WS Yasukuni Shrine, Tokyo with white pigeons taking flight in foreground. VS men in suits men praying and performing rituals such as throwing money into box and clapping hands. MS toddler with toy watching men and mimicking bowing. VS at Koyasan praying and walking around graves. CU flame on stone tablet.
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Access No. 145031 | 55 secs | 1990s | Japan | © NFSA | Colour |
WS long line of people walking around pond at Sandakan Memorial Park. VS of decorated Australian veterans including Mick Hodges and Owen Campbell. GS Umanosuke Iwahara sitting with his wife. VS of mixed group of soldiers marching and VS of veterans' faces during memorial service. CU Owen Campbell wiping his eyes and CUs and GS of him saluting at memorial. CU interview with tearful Nelson Short. Closing interview with Owen Campbell.
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Access No. 145032 | 2 mins 27 secs | 1990s | Sandakan, Borneo | © NFSA | Colour |
Montage of B&W photographs of Sandakan prisoners of war set to music . End credits.
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Access No. 145033 | 1 min 29 secs | 1940s | Sandakan, Borneo | © Don Wall | B&W |
National Film and Sound Archive - Australia