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Working

Examines the role migrants have played in the Australian workforce.
Series : Migrant Experience, The | Episode : 4 | Year : 1983 | Total Duration : 56 Minutes | Producer : Malcolm Smith (Series Producer)
Director : Karl McPhee |
VS riot footage with protesters heckling with several policemen. CUs newspaper headlines proclaiming large numbers of unemployed. High angle shots over protesters carrying banners to Parliament House. CUs newspaper headlines re migrant cuts.
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Access No. 125381 | 1 min 9 secs | 1980s | Australia | © NFSA/Channel 10 | Colour |
CU grid of faces with the title ÔTogether We Build' and map of Australia . Excerpts from the film showing signs for job vacancies and VS migrants employed on the Snowy Mountains Scheme, carpenters, chef. CU hand filling out application for migration information to Australia.
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Access No. 133282 | 31 secs | 1980s | Australia | © NFSA and National Film and Sound Archive | Colour |
CUs men in hardhats on building site. CU man with two small boys then boys rolling down sand dune and CU to woman sitting in long grass in dune. CUs woman looking at perfume at counter. Note eye make-up. Pull focus to white orchids.
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Access No. 133283 | 19 secs | 1980s | Australia | © NFSA and National Film and Sound Archive | Colour |
Archival footage of British television commercial for migration to Australia. CU of a young boy in school uniform talking to camera about father taking him to Australia. Archival B&W footage from the film ÒFor the Term of his Natural LifeÓ showing convict gangs ploughing, floating log across river, being marched in lines and treading on large water wheel.
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Access No. 133286 | 39 secs | 1980s | Australia | © National Film and Sound Archive of Australia | B&W |
Re-enactment MS of Governor Phillip at desk writing letter with white feather quill. Zoom to letter being written. Zoom out from B&W illustration of crowds waiting to migrate to Australia from England and CUs of engraving of poverty stricken scenes and soup kitchen. Zoom out from colour painting of farm house in countryside. CUs paintings of land sales.
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Access No. 133287 | 1 min 18 secs | 1980s | Australia | © Contact Film Australia Collection Library | Colour |
VS B&W illustrations of loggers and colour paintings of early settlers. VS colour paintings of early German settlers being ferried to land from ships. CU main street in South Australia with horses and buggies on road. MS interview with Ian Harmstorf. Various CUs paintings of German settlers on the land. Interview with Ben Schiller about early experiences of German migration.
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Access No. 133288 | 1 min 41 secs | 1980s | Australia | © Contact Film Australia Collection Library | Colour |
Interview with Carl Roenfeldt about early industry with German settlers. B&W archival photographs of butchers. High angle shots from Menglers' Hill over rural landscape of Barossa Valley dotted with paddocks and vineyards. MS interview with Ian Harmstorf in front of landscape. High pan across fields and vineyards forming patchwork pattern. CU B&W drawing of vineyards.
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Access No. 133289 | 1 min 13 secs | 1980s | Australia | © Contact Film Australia Collection Library | Colour |
Interview with pair of local wine growers about older grape growing practices. B&W photographs of grapepickers with dissolves to present day rows of grapevines. Zoom to tractor. CU interview with Ian Harmstorf speaking of the attitudes of German migrants to the land and B&W archival photographs of German family portrait. CU tilt down from cross on old gravestone to German inscription.
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Access No. 133290 | 1 min 10 secs | 1980s | Australia | © NFSA | Colour |
Interview with Carl Roenfeldt about his childhood as a German migrant. Various B&W archival photographs of early German traditions and VS farming settlers in Barossa Valley. Archival footage from the film ÒEureka StockadeÓ showing men discovering gold and scenes in tent city. Female settler complaining about Ôgold fever' and the resultant ruin with scenes of dead animals, derelict buildings and VS men complaining.
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Access No. 133291 | 2 mins 19 secs | 1980s | Australia | © NFSA and National Film and Sound Archive | Colour |
Archival footage from the film ÒEureka StockadeÓ showing lines of immigrants travelling to gold regions. VS colour paintings of city scenes in gold rush era. VS B&W illustrations of industry in economic boon and various labourers. Various CUs of B&W illustrations of union activity and industrial disputes. CUs colour art works and photographs depicting racial conflict, particularly against Chinese workers.
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Access No. 133292 | 1 min 42 secs | 1980s | Australia | © NFSA and National Film and Sound Archive | Colour |
Interview with Alan Matheson, Ethnic Liaison Officer ACTU speaking about immigrant workers. VS drawings and cartoons some with discriminatory messages. Archival photographs of Kanaka sugar workers and CU interview with Noel Fatnowna. Various B&W photographs of Solomon Islander and Hebredian workers. Dr Roger Keesing speaking of kidnappings and cruelty inflicted on Islander slave labour with accompanying engravings.
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Access No. 133293 | 1 min 6 secs | 1980s | Australia | © Contact Film Australia Collection Library | Colour |
Various archival B&W photographs of Kanaka workers on sugar cane plantations. Photographs of Australian & European workers in the cane fields. Photographs of Kanakas on boat. Interview with ex-cane worker Noel Fatnowna. B&W photo of Kanaka house workers. CU small Kanaka girl fully dressed in period outfit. Various group portraits in formal western clothes.
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Access No. 133294 | 1 min 38 secs | 1980s | Australia | © Contact Film Australia Collection Library | Colour |
Archival B&W footage from FA film ÒCanecuttersÓ showing southern European labourers cutting cane. MS interview with Frank and John Casalegno. CUs B&W photographs of cane cutters, three horses pulling cane crop and southern European labourers lined up against cane. Interview with Gino Paris.
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Access No. 133296 | 1 min 48 secs | 1980s, 1940s, | Australia | © Contact Film Australia Collection Library | Colour |
Interview with Ross Cali. Footage from 1940s film ÒCane CuttersÓ showing cane cutters arriving to work on bicycles and cutting cane. GS mechanical cane harvester depositing canes into truck travelling alongside it. Interview with Gino Paris and Ross Cali who demonstrate cane cutting and bickering with each other.
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Access No. 133297 | 1 min 46 secs | 1980s, 1940s, | Australia | © NFSA | Colour |
Footage from 1940s B&W film ÒCane CuttersÓ showing men cane cutting and town scenes with pedestrians in front of Mullins Royal Hotel. MS European migrants signing forms in office. MS interview with Steve Comas and footage from ÒCane CuttersÓ of WS field and VS men chopping cane.
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Access No. 133298 | 46 secs | 1980s, 1940s, | Australia | © NFSA | Colour |
MS Gino and friend singing Italian song and VS Gino in nursing home introducing residents to camera and relating their shared histories. WS pan across cane field to cemetery. MS Gino Paris addressing camera in graveyard. WS family crypts and CUs to photographs, momentos, religious icons and engravings on crypts. Interview with demographer Professor Charles Price.
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Access No. 133299 | 2 mins 50 secs | 1980s, 1940s, | Australia | © NFSA | Colour |
VS B&W and colour posters & placards welcoming settlers. B&W archival footage from ÒAustralia Marches with BritainÓ showing tree being felled in forest and footage from ÒBirth of White AustraliaÓ with cattle running on dusty land and bare trees and man hand ploughing with horses near bushland.
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Access No. 133300 | 27 secs | 1980s, 1940s, | Australia | © NFSA/ABC | Colour |
B&W archival footage from ÒOn Our SelectionÓ showing homestead and drought conditions. GS man cutting grain. MS Dad Rudd making speech about fighting against adversity and accompanying illustrations. High WS over lightning in clouds. VS flood with Dad falling off back of cart into flood water and casing pigs.
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Access No. 133301 | 1 min 6 secs | 1980s, 1940s, | Australia | © National Film and Sound Archive | B&W |
Colour poster and B&W photographs of women migrants recruited as domestic help. Archival B&W footage from NL/PL2141 of men receiving cups of tea and food parcels from Brisbane City Mission. WWII footage with explosions, soldiers charging and WS flags fluttering with American flag closest to camera. High shot over ticker-tape parade.
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Access No. 133302 | 47 secs | 1980s, 1940s, | Australia | © Contact Film Australia Collection Library | Colour |
CU sign ÔMen WantedÓ . CUs various signs advertising positions vacant. CU pan of government document Ò20,000,000 Australian in Our TimeÓ. MS Calwell shaking hands, CU steam whistle blowing, and steel workers leaving factory. CUs feet down stairs and MS queues boarding double-decker bus. VS union meeting.
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Access No. 133305 | 40 secs | 1980s, 1940s, | Australia | © NFSA/TEM | B&W |
British servicemen with plane. VS British ex-servicemen filling in forms to remain in Australia after war. Calwell descending steps of plane at airport and giving speech. VS displaced persons at European refugee camp applying for immigration papers. MS interview by immigration officer with couple and child. CU hand signing immigration papers. WS ship bringing displaced persons from Europe to Australia and WS Calwell giving speech to large crowds.
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Access No. 133309 | 1 min 19 secs | 1980s, 1940s, | Australia | © NFSA/Film World | B&W |
Archival 1950s footage of migrants arriving and milling on wharf and MS from ÒArriving in AustraliaÓ of groups of migrant men queuing at customs with numbers on their lapels while seated officers inspect papers. CU interview with Dr Egon F Kunz speaking of inadequacy of status given to migrants. CU stamp on certificate. MS shot of couple from film ÒMike and StefaniÓ and scene from interview with customs officer.
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Access No. 133313 | 51 secs | 1980s, 1940s, | Australia | © NFSA | Colour |
Interview with George Kiddle, retired immigration officer who appeared in film ÒMike & StefaniÓ about choosing applicants. VS from ÒMike and StefaniÓ with couple being interviewed. Colour footage of migrant labourers building railway line through the Nullarbor, cutting sugar cane, drilling underground. Interview with Dr Egon F Kunz speaking of wasted opportunities with the displaced persons scheme.
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Access No. 133314 | 1 min 16 secs | 1980s, 1940s, | Australia | © NFSA/Snowy Mountains Hydro Electric Authority | Colour |
Colour footage from ÒTogether We BuildÓ of migrant Snowy Mountains Scheme workers and footage from ÒPassport to ProgressÓ of industrial workers. VS miners down shaft from ÒThis Land AustraliaÓ. Interview with Bob Armstrong from the Dept of Immigration 1971-74 speaking of success of the migrant scheme with more footage from ÒTogether We BuildÓ, ÒWhere Men & Mountains MeetÓ and ÒPassport to ProgressÓ.
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Access No. 133315 | 59 secs | 1980s, 1940s, | Australia | © NFSA/Snowy Mountains Hydro Electric Authority | Colour |
Colour footage from ÒTen Times EmptyÓ with zoom to passenger ship moored on Greek island and families farewelling each other, some crying. VS Greek locals as ship departs. Interview with demographer Professor Charles Price. Title for ÒWhere Men & Mountains MeetÓ and footage of furnace and steelworkers men shovelling into furnaces. Migrants welding car on assembly line. Industry footage from ÒTogether We Build.Ó
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Access No. 133316 | 1 min 46 secs | 1980s, 1940s, | Australia | © NFSA/Snowy Mountains Hydro Electric Authority | Colour |
MS crane driver and CU workers in helmets. Tilt from pair of men drilling outdoors to ground. Good MS miner with pick axe digging and WS cave wall collapsing as miners run away. CUs machine stampings. High shot over women in textile factory. CU face of young woman worker and fade to backwards track of lines of women machinists.
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Access No. 133317 | 38 secs | 1980s, 1940s, | Australia | © NFSA/Snowy Mountains Hydro Electric Authority | Colour |
MS trio of men in office chatting. WS workers leaving factory. VS men arriving for work and CU bundy card in machine. Interview with Alan Matheson, Ethnic Liaison Officer ACTU. VS coal miners entering shaft. Trade Union meeting featuring migrant worker. People gathered around map of Australia. Interview with Charles D'Aprano about trade unions.
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Access No. 133318 | 1 min 43 secs | 1980s, 1940s, | Australia | © Contact Film Australia Collection Library | Colour |
VS Ford strike with migrant workers gathered around policeman and crowds throwing projectiles from behind car then breaking factory windows with rocks. Interview with John Zigouras. Footage from Ò100 a DayÓ with woman sitting on toilet crying, CUs woman operating sewing machine, CU face. VS ÒFord RiotsÓ with pushing against wire and pushing brick wall over.
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Access No. 133319 | 1 min 8 secs | 1980s, 1940s, | Australia | © Contact Film Australia Collection Library | Colour |
VS of violent confrontations between strikers and police from ÒFord RiotsÓ intercut with actors from Side Track Theatre dramatising plight of migrant workers. Interview with Professor Bill Ford. Various stills of Asian migrant workers and interview with factory worker Maria Posas. Various stills of migrant workers and families. Interview with Despina Taylor.
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Access No. 133320 | 2 mins 15 secs | 1980s, 1940s, | Australia | © Contact Film Australia Collection Library | Colour |
Zoom to woman's face in still. Interview with Professor Bill Ford and various stills of migrant workers. CU newspaper headlines re migrant work accidents. Interview with Alan Matheson, Ethnic Liaison Officer ACTU then lawyer John Zigouras. VS migrant factory workers.
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Access No. 133321 | 1 min 40 secs | 1980s, 1940s, | Australia | © Contact Film Australia Collection Library | Colour |
VS migrant worker with bandaged arms being interviewed for ABC programme via an interpreter. Interview with Dr Spiro Moraitis from the Australian Greek Welfare Society. Stills of migrant workers in pain. Interview with Professor Bill Ford. VS female factory workers engaged in repetitious factory work.
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Access No. 133322 | 1 min 31 secs | 1980s, 1940s, | Australia | © Contact Film Australia Collection Library | Colour |
VS elderly man stretching with aid of physiotherapist with doctor observing and MS man struggling to sit up from bench. CU migrant woman's bandaged hands and arms and CU to distressed woman's face as she explains her disabilities via an interpreter. Interview with John Zigouris.
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Access No. 133323 | 53 secs | 1980s, 1940s, | Australia | © Contact Film Australia Collection Library | Colour |
CU colour still of elderly man sitting on bench in squalid surroundings. Interview with Dr Spiro Moraitis from the Australian Greek Welfare Society. Various colour stills of stressed migrant families and injured workers in waiting room. Interv iew with demographer Professor Charles Price talking about migrant success.
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Access No. 133355 | 2 mins 16 secs | 1980s, 1940s, | Australia | © Contact Film Australia Collection Library | Colour |
VS migrant worker Steve Duricic speaking to fellow workers around table in Caroma factory about wages. VS ceramic factory workers spraying pots on assembly line. WSs of suburban family homes. MS Eric Bogle singing with guitar and being interviewed about work opportunities.
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Access No. 133356 | 1 min 35 secs | 1980s, 1940s, | Australia | © Contact Film Australia Collection Library | Colour |
CU Rydge's poster showing chairman of Taurina Spa water, migrant Carlo Zaccariotto and interview with him. Colour still of Zaccariotto and others gathered around mineral spring. CU electric grinder and zoom out to carpenter Theo Kefalis in workshop and being interviewed. GS working with two others.
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Access No. 133357 | 1 min 34 secs | 1980s, 1940s, | Australia | © Contact Film Australia Collection Library | Colour |
VS Giovanni Spada in his bathroom showroom and being interviewed. VS from B&W film ÒCanecuttersÓ showing migrants canecutting, washing and eating. VS Spada family gathered around table eating. Spada in office with two adult children and VS in tile factory looking at tiles on display and from back of truck.
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Access No. 133358 | 1 min 13 secs | 1980s, 1940s, | Australia | © NFSA | Colour |
Interview with demographer Professor Charles Price about experience of second generation migrants. Interview with Peter Hilton, Supt. Public Affairs Australian Iron & Steel. Interview with Vivi Koutsanadis talking about her education and B&W photographs of her family, working and graduating from university.
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Access No. 133359 | 1 min 46 secs | 1980s, 1940s, | Australia | © NFSA | Colour |
Interview with Professor Bill Ford. CU female migrant apprentice and high angle WS over factory floor. VS protesters in street waving banners and placards. CU newspaper headlines on unemployment. Protesting crowds confronting police intercut with actors from Side Track Theatre dramatising plight of migrant workers and their children.
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Access No. 133360 | 1 min 45 secs | 1980s, 1940s, | Australia | © NFSA | Colour |
Interview with demographer Professor Charles Price. B&W footage from the Term of his Natural Life. CU painting of migrants arriving from ships and early settlement drawings. VS from ÒOn Our SelectionÓ with Dad Rudd and VS German settlers. VS paintings and footage of gravestones from early German settlement.
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Access No. 133361 | 1 min 11 secs | 1980s, 1940s, | Australia | © Contact Film Australia Collection Library | Colour |
VS art work depicting Kanakas and early photograph of Kanakas in formal three-piece sits posing for camera and canecutting. Early photos of canecutters on plantations intercut with grave stones, Italian migrants singing, B&W footage of Brisbane City Mission hand-outs and migrant ships arriving.
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Access No. 133362 | 43 secs | 1980s, 1940s, | Australia | © Contact Film Australia Collection Library | Colour |
B&W footage of newly arrived migrants queuing in front of customs officers. CU men punching bundy cards, VS factory workers, protesters smashing building. MS Eric Bogle playing guitar, photograph of Carlo Zaccariotto, newspaper headlines and WS suburban houses.
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Access No. 133363 | 33 secs | 1980s, 1940s, | Australia | © NFSA | Colour |
Exerpts of interviews with Steve Duricic, Theo Kefalis, Carlo Zaccariotto, and Giovanni Spada. Various CUs of children of many nationalities smiling and waving to camera.
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Access No. 133364 | 1 min 54 secs | 1980s, 1940s, | Australia | © NFSA | Colour |
National Film and Sound Archive - Australia